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Research/Models

HP+ More recent Research/Models publications are available.

  • AIM projections and impacts.
    English
    AIDS_in_Kenya.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Bangladesh.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Cambodia.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Egypt.pdf

  • English
    ARH_India.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Indonesia.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Jordan.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Morocco.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Nepal.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Pakistan.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Philippines.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Sri_Lanka.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Vietnam.pdf

  • English
    ARH_Yemen.pdf

  • The Allocate Model was designed to help countries overcome policy challenges by linking funding to program activities and linking program activities to outcome indicators. The models main objective is to help planners understand the relationship between funding levels and the effective implementation of safe motherhood, postabortion care, and family planning programs. The model aims to improve resource allocation for components of reproductive health (RH) programs by demonstrating its effects on a variety of national indicators. For example, what is the likely effect on maternal mortality rates if funding for family planning is reduced or increased? The Allocate Model facilitates the design of integrated national plans with attached budgets. The following models are used in the Allocate application. " DemProj. Forecasts the population structure for a country or a specific region by age and gender and by rural or urban residence based on specific fertility, mortality, and migration trends for up to 50 years in the future. This model serves as the base for most of the other models. " FamPlan. Estimates the number of users and acceptors and the cost of providing family planning (FP) services to (1) reduce unmet need for family planning, (2) achieve desired fertility, (3) attain a specified total fertility rate (TFR), (4) attain a specified contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR), and (5) achieve the maximum possible within a specific budget. FamPlan calculates indicators showing the number of users, commodities required, costs, unplanned pregnancies and births, and the number of abortions. " Safe Motherhood Model (SMM). Supports priority-setting exercises to demonstrate how improvements in program effort can help reduce maternal mortality rates. It allows improvements in different support and service areas and shows the impact of various patterns of effort. This model has a cost component that allows the user to cost out different interventions to help design national plans, strategies, and budgets. " Postabortion care (PAC) Model. Analyzes the effect of certain FP assumptions on maternal deaths; distributes maternal deaths according to planned births, unplanned births, and abortions; and demonstrates how the allocation of expenditures can increase postabortion treatments and reduce deaths. The POLICY Project provided technical assistance (TA) to Ukraine between February and July 2005, using the Allocate Model to help create a comprehensive National Reproductive Health Plan (NRHP) and to achieve greater efficiency in the use of available funds.
    English
    Ukraine Allocate Core Report.doc

  • Ethiopias 1994 National Population Policy sets ambitious goals for 2015. However, most of the components of the policy have not been implemented and progress has been slow. In early 2004, the Ministry of Health (MOH), the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and other donors discussed the need to update the National Population Policy and create a Reproductive Health Strategic Framework. This activity was to be conducted jointly with major donors and stakeholders. The strategic framework was to address all areas of reproductive health, including family planning, safe motherhood, postabortion care, adolescent reproductive health, and possibly HIV/AIDS. At the same time, the government of Ethiopia was developing plans to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. The MOH was requested to indicate what actions and how much funding would be required to achieve the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) for safe motherhood. The Allocate Model was applied in Ethiopia to provide a thorough test of the model; to prepare an improved RH action plan with increased efficiency in the use of funding resources; and to foster dialogue among all stakeholders regarding RH priorities.
    English
    Ethiopia Allocate case study.doc

  • English
    f-models.pdf

  • The Allocate Model was applied in Senegal from November 2005 to April 2006 to assist the government with developing their new national health strategic plan. As illustrated by the model’s application and findings described in this report, Senegal would benefit from an increased effort in meeting unmet need for contraception and an expanded and higher quality postabortion care (PAC) program. This would result in an improved allocation of resources from a reduction in the number of women requiring PAC services and, most importantly, a decrease in maternal mortality. This report discuss the status of maternal health in Senegal, the use of relevant model applications to help inform the development of strategic plans, the central findings from these applications, and recommendations and next steps regarding priority areas for follow-up activities and resource allocation.
    English
    Senegal Allocate Report Final 8 9 06.pdf

  • A technical working group organized by the National AIDS Commission has used the latest sentinel surveillance results for 2003 to estimate national HIV prevalence in Malawi. This report describes the methodology, assumptions and results of that work.
    English
    MALNatEst2003.doc

  • This paper presents a detailed market segmentation analysis of the family planning sector in Jordan. Section 2 provides an overview of the provider market. Section 3 analyzes the consumer market in terms of consumer characteristics, needs, method use, and sources of contraceptives. Section 4 studies profiles of the public-, NGO-, and private-sector clients. Section 5 presents a comparative analysis of the 1997 and 2002 markets. Section 6 assesses the current targeting behavior in the public sector. Section 7 segments the current market to establish a better match between current/potential users and the appropriate source of FP methods and services. Section 8 projects the potential demand across SLI quintiles and the potential market for the public, NGO, and commercial sectors; while Section 9 presents policy options for achieving contraceptive security based on market segmentation results.
    English
    JOR_MS.pdf

  • Goals is intended for use by national programs to explore the effects of different funding levels and patterns on national goals. It is generally implemented by a multi-disciplinary team composed of participants with various areas of expertise (demography, epidemiology, health finance, planning) representing different aspects of society (government, civil society, private sector, donors). A technical team works together to implement the model for the first time. Then the model is used in interactive workshops with planners and stakeholders to explore the effects of different program configurations on the provision of care and support and the prevention of new HIV infections. Through this interaction participants gain a better understanding of the dynamics of funding and impact. This prepares them to develop realistic budgets and goals that reflect their priorities.
    English
    Goals.pdf

  • Responding to HIV/AIDS requires addressing a number of priorities, including preventing new HIV infections (among vulnerable groups and the general population), caring for people living with HIV/AIDS and their families, and mitigating the impacts of the pandemic. But what level of resources should be devoted to prevention programs for youth? Or to the development of new voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) sites? Or to the provision of antiretroviral (ARV)therapy? Or to support for AIDS orphans? There is no one correct answer to these questions. Each country must consider its own needs, goals, and circumstances in order to determine the appropriate combination of interventions. And these decisions often take place in the context of constrained resources – further emphasizing the importance of allocating resources wisely. In addition, emerging needs, challenges, and opportunities are increasingly highlighting the need to combine the best thinking from government and civil society stakeholders regarding HIV/AIDS resource allocation decisions. Designing and implementing an HIV/AIDS national program is complex and important. Prevention, treatment, and palliative care costs are a significant component of the health budget. In most national strategic plans, however, although the activities to be undertaken are clearly outlined, the activities are not tied to specific prevalence goals the countries wish to attain. Millions of dollars are spent annually to prevent HIV infection without a thorough understanding of the most effective way to allocate these funds. Since the budgets are not linked to the plan’s goals, there is no way for the planners to know what would happen if more or less resources were available or if resources were allocated differently.
    English
    GFlyer.pdf

  • A research report assessing the current situation for people living with HIV/AIDS in Nepal. The report addresses discrimination and stigma through legal reform.
    English
    NEP_LegAudit.pdf

  • This report presents the latest estimates of the extent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Malawi and discusses some of the implications. The report is based on the results of an AIDS Impact Model application.
    English
    MAL_AIDS.pdf

  • This publication provides a concise overview of the current situation; analyzes the future course and impact of HIV/AIDS in the region; outlines recommendations for responding to the epidemic; and highlights promising programs that are already underway. Importantly, the report is designed as a user-friendly tool to help both government policymakers and civil society advocates encourage policy dialogue and commitment to address HIV/AIDS throughout the region. Focusing on the HIV/AIDS situation in Cambodia, the People's Democratic Republic of Laos, Thailand, and Viet Nam, the report also draws attention to six issues that are of particular concern in the region: 1) Women and HIV/AIDS, 2) Children Affected by HIV/AIDS, 3) Health Care Delivery and Costs, 4) Implications for Development, 5) Cross-border Issues, and 6) HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis. Promoting an enabling policy environment, responding to the entire continuum of care (including prevention, care, and mitigation), and empowering vulnerable groups are among the strategies that are noted as central to an effective HIV/AIDS response in the Mekong Region.
    English
    HIV_Mekong.pdf

  • AIM projections, sentinel surveillance
    Portuguese
    brochura_sida.PDF

  • Spanish-language version of the GOALS brochure.
    English
    GFlyer-Spanish.pdf

  • RAPID Booklet for Madhya Pradesh
    English
    INDmp.pdf

  • During the process of formulating the Kenya National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan, some of the gender dimensions of the epidemic had been recognised. It was noted that a striking feature of the epidemic was its impact on women as compared to men; the incidence of HIV/AIDS among women was rising at a shocking rate and women were being infected at an earlier age than men were. However, explicit strategies that focused specifically on gender issues were not included in the development of policies or programmes under the five priority areas. In 2001, as the gender aspects of the epidemic became clearer and it was recognised that gender was playing a crucial role in the dynamics of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the National AIDS Control Council established a Technical Sub-Committee on Gender and HIV/AIDS Task Force. It was agreed that the best approach would be to engender the existing Kenya National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan because it is the key document that guides and co-ordinates all responses to HIV/AIDS in Kenya. The Technical Sub-Committee’s mandate was to formulate guidelines and create a strategic framework through which gender concerns could be integrated into the analyses, formulation and monitoring of policies and programmes relating to the five priority areas of the Kenya National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan so as to ensure that the beneficial outcomes are shared equitably by all – women, men, boys and girls. The gender analysis and mainstreaming strategies contained in this document are centrally informed by two National AIDS Control Council commissioned field studies carried out in October 2001 and May 2002. The findings of the field studies illustrate how different attributes and roles societies assign to males and females profoundly affect their ability to protect themselves against HIV/AIDS and cope with its impact. Examples range from the gender issues that render both men and women vulnerable to HIV infection to the ways in which gender influences men and women’s responsibility for, and access to, treatment, care and support. The findings from the field studies and the resulting gender analyses illustrate that gender roles and relations powerfully influence the course and impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Gender-related factors shape the extent to which men, women, boys and girls are vulnerable to HIV infection, the ways in which AIDS affects them, and the kinds of responses that are feasible in different communities and societies. The control of the spread of HIV/AIDS is dependent on the recognition of women’s rights in all spheres of life and therefore, women’s empowerment is an important tool in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Because the HIV/AIDS pandemic is fuelled by gender inequalities, a proactive engendered response is required to minimise its impact. It is through this document that the Technical Sub- Committee on Gender hopes to ensure that the gender dimension of the HIV/AIDS epidemic does not remain just an intellectual idea, but through the identified strategies becomes a practical tool for guiding policy decisions and programming for all activities under the umbrella of the Kenya National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan for 2000 - 2005.
    English
    Kenya_NACC_Gender.pdf

  • Russian
    MNPI_AltaiKra.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    French
    Benin_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Spanish
    Bolivia_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Spanish
    Ecuador_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    English
    Guatemala_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    French
    Guinea_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    French
    Haiti_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    English
    Jamaica_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Russian
    MNPI_Khabarovsk.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    French
    Mali_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Spanish
    Mexico_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Spanish
    Paraguay_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Russian
    MNPI_Perm.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    English
    Peru_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    French
    Senegal_MNPI.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Russian
    MNPI_Tomsk.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Russian
    MNPI_Tver.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    Russian
    MNPI_Veronezh.pdf

  • Worldwide, over 500,000 women and girls die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year. The tragedy - and opportunity - is that most of these deaths can be prevented with cost-effective health care services. POLICY's MNPI series provides country-specific data on maternal and neonatal health programs in more than 30 developing countries. Based on a study conducted by the Futures Group and funded through the MEASURE Evaluation Project, the MNPI is a tool that can be used to: Assess current health care services; Identify program strengths and weaknesses; Plan strategies to address deficiencies; Encourage political and popular support for appropriate action; and Track progress over time.
    English
    Zimbabwe_MNPI.pdf

  • UNAIDS, USAID and the POLICY Project have developed the AIDS Program Effort Index (API) to measure program effort in the response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The index is designed to provide a profile that describes national effort and the international contribution to that effort. The API was applied to 40 countries in 2000. The results show that program effort is relatively high in the areas of legal and regulatory environment, policy formulation and organizational structure. Political support was somewhat lower but increased the most from 1998. Monitoring and evaluation and prevention programs scored in the middle range, about 50 out of 100 possible points. The lowest rated components were resources and care. The API also measured the availability of key prevention and care services. Overall, essential services are available to about half of the people living in urban areas but to only about one-quarter of the entire population. International efforts to assist country programs received relatively high rating in all categories except care. The results presented here will be supplemented later this year with a new component on human rights and a score that compares countries on program effort.
    English
    APIreport.pdf

  • UNAIDS, USAID and the POLICY Project have developed the AIDS Program Effort Index (API) to measure program effort in the response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The index is designed to provide a profile that describes national effort and the international contribution to that effort. The API was applied to 40 countries in 2000. The results show that program effort is relatively high in the areas of legal and regulatory environment, policy formulation and organizational structure. Political support was somewhat lower but increased the most from 1998. Monitoring and evaluation and prevention programs scored in the middle range, about 50 out of 100 possible points. The lowest rated components were resources and care. The API also measured the availability of key prevention and care services. Overall, essential services are available to about half of the people living in urban areas but to only about one-quarter of the entire population. International efforts to assist country programs received relatively high rating in all categories except care. The results presented here will be supplemented later this year with a new component on human rights and a score that compares countries on program effort.
    Russian
    APIreportrus.pdf

  • UNAIDS, USAID and the POLICY Project have developed the AIDS Program Effort Index (API) to measure program effort in the response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The index is designed to provide a profile that describes national effort and the international contribution to that effort. The API was applied to 40 countries in 2000. The results show that program effort is relatively high in the areas of legal and regulatory environment, policy formulation and organizational structure. Political support was somewhat lower but increased the most from 1998. Monitoring and evaluation and prevention programs scored in the middle range, about 50 out of 100 possible points. The lowest rated components were resources and care. The API also measured the availability of key prevention and care services. Overall, essential services are available to about half of the people living in urban areas but to only about one-quarter of the entire population. International efforts to assist country programs received relatively high rating in all categories except care. The results presented here will be supplemented later this year with a new component on human rights and a score that compares countries on program effort.
    Spanish
    APIreportsp.pdf

  • UNAIDS, USAID and the POLICY Project have developed the AIDS Program Effort Index (API) to measure program effort in the response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The index is designed to provide a profile that describes national effort and the international contribution to that effort. The API was applied to 40 countries in 2000. The results show that program effort is relatively high in the areas of legal and regulatory environment, policy formulation and organizational structure. Political support was somewhat lower but increased the most from 1998. Monitoring and evaluation and prevention programs scored in the middle range, about 50 out of 100 possible points. The lowest rated components were resources and care. The API also measured the availability of key prevention and care services. Overall, essential services are available to about half of the people living in urban areas but to only about one-quarter of the entire population. International efforts to assist country programs received relatively high rating in all categories except care. The results presented here will be supplemented later this year with a new component on human rights and a score that compares countries on program effort.
    French
    APIreportfr.pdf

  • Goals permet aux programmes nationaux d'étudier l'impact que peuvent avoir différents niveaux et modes de financement sur les objectifs nationaux. Il est généralement appliqué par une équipe pluridisciplinaire composée de spécialistes de tous horizons (démographie, épidémiologie, finance sanitaire, planification) représentant différents aspects de la société (gouvernement, société civile, secteur privé, donateurs). Une équipe technique collabore à la mise en place initiale du modèle. Ce dernier est ensuite utilisé au sein d'ateliers interactifs par les planificateurs et les parties intéressées dans le but d'étudier les effets que telle ou telle configuration de programmes peut avoir sur la prestation des services de soins et d'assistance et sur la prévention des nouvelles infections à VIH. Grâce à cette interaction, les participants parviennent à mieux comprendre la dynamique du financement et de l'impact des programmes. Ils sont ainsi mieux préparés pour formuler des budgets et des objectifs réalistes, qui reflètent leurs priorités.
    French
    Goals-French.pdf

  • El modelo de Goals debe ser utilizado por programas nacionales con el fin de explorar qué efectos tienen los diversos niveles y patrones de financiación sobre las metas nacionales. Por lo general, la instrumentación corre a cargo de un grupo multidisciplinario integrado por participantes con distintos antecedentes (demografía, epidemiología, finanzas para la salud, planificación) que representan los diversos aspectos de la sociedad (gobierno, sociedad civil, sector privado, donantes). Un equipo técnico trabaja estrechamente para instrumentar el modelo por primera vez. Posteriormente, el modelo se emplea en talleres interactivos con planificadores y partes interesadas para explorar qué efectos producen las diversas configuraciones del programa sobre la atención, apoyo y prevención de nuevas infecciones del VIH. Mediante dicha interacción, los participantes adquieren un mejor entendimiento de la dinámica de la financiación y su impacto. Ese taller los prepara para crear presupuestos y metas realistas que reflejen sus prioridades.
    Spanish
    Goals-Spanish.pdf

  • To learn more about how countries have been addressing RH-and family planning (FP) in particular-commodities and where significant advocacy efforts have occurred, the POLICY Project, the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) undertook a global survey of local and international, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and public officials. The survey’s goal was to gather information on countries' processes and activities aimed at meeting current and future contraceptive commodity needs. This report focuses principally on the results of the survey; however, it also includes complementary findings from additional research on recent and current CS activities.
    English
    RHCS Paper Final.pdf

  • The role of policy in improving program outcomes in the family planning/reproductive health (FP/RH), safe motherhood, and HIV/AIDS fields has been increasingly recognized. Despite this increased recognition, “policy” is often seen as a black box. Existing frameworks or models focus on some aspects of policy—the stages of policy development, decision makers and stakeholder institutions, the intent and content of a policy, or its implementation—yet none captures all policy components. This paper provides a practical framework to analyze components of family planning, reproductive health, maternal health, and HIV/AIDS policies. The Policy Circle framework is presented and the six “Ps” of policy are described: Problem, People/Places, Process, Price Tag, Paper, and Programs/Performance. Each component of the Policy Circle can be analyzed using a variety of tools. The Policy Circle is not intended to be linear or even circular, but places the problem or issue to be solved at the center. The six policy “Ps” of the Policy Circle operate under the broader contextual forces of politics, society, and economics. The Policy Circle has wide applicability. The proposed framework can be used to analyze different policy levels, including national and local policies and sectoral and operational policies. In the case of FP/RH, the Policy Circle can be viewed through different lenses specific to three overarching concerns: youth, gender, and human rights. Each of the six “Ps” points to important aspects of policy that need to be considered to ensure comprehensive policy analysis of the issue or area of concern to which the Policy Circle is applied. Visit the Policy Circle online - click here
    English
    wps-11.pdf

  • Concerns about ensuring an uninterrupted supply of contraceptives around the world has lead to a multi-agency effort called The Strategic Pathway to Reproductive Health Commodity Security (SPARHCS.) In August of 2002 the SPARHCS approach was field tested in Nigeria. A technical advisory group was established to use the FAMPLAN model to determine the country’s contraceptive commodity needs for five years (2003 – 2007). This document includes the results of the FAMPLAN application.
    English
    NIG_FAMPLAN.pdf

  • El modelo RAPID fue creado para brindar proyecciones que puedan usarse como base en una presentación capaz de estimular el diálogo político acerca de la importancia de los factores poblacionales en el desarrollo económico y social.2 Por lo general, tales presentaciones intentan elevar el conocimiento de quienes toman decisiones sobre los factores poblacionales, a fin de mejorar el ambiente político para programas de población más efectivos. Como resultado, las presentaciones hechas por RAPID son diseñadas para transmitir a los encargados de formular políticas información clave en forma adecuada.
    Spanish
    RapmanS.pdf

  • Le modèle RAPID vise à fournir des projections qui peuvent être utilisées comme base d'une présentation de politiques pour stimuler le dialogue sur l'importance des facteurs démographiques pour le développement social et économique.2 Généralement, ces présentations visent à sensibiliser davantage les décideurs aux facteurs démographiques pour améliorer des programmes en matière de population. Par conséquent, les présentations RAPID sont conçues pour communiquer une information-clé aux décideurs sous une forme appropriée à ce public.
    French
    RapmanF.pdf

  • The purpose of this study was to provide the Population Development Group with evidence that operational policy barriers result in inefficient resource use in reproductive health care in Ukraine and to recommend solutions. The analysis will serve as the foundations for recommendations that the MOH will make to the Cabinet of Ministers on ways to remove the existing operational policy barriers. The specific objectives of this study were to understand, analyze, and recommend solutions to the following problems: -Inefficiencies at the facility level in the areas of staff time use, bed capacity and use, and availability and use of supplies and equipment; -Infelxibility in allocating funds for health care from local budget and financial decision making at the facility level; -The shadow economy in health care from the client perspective (and its relationship to inefficiencies in financial resource allocation); and -Poor quality of care from the client perspective (and its relationship to inefficiencies in health care facilities).
    English
    UKR_RH_Efficiency.pdf

  • The Safe Motherhood Model (SMM) is a tool that can be used to improve the understanding of how changes in maternal health services can avoid maternal deaths. Some of the questions the model can ask are: • Where should effort be focused to yield the greatest reduction in maternal mortality? • How much would it cost to reach a certain level of maternal mortality? • How much of a reduction in maternal mortality is feasible in the next few years? • What can be learned from the performance of a similar country? The SMM estimates the impact of various scores from the Maternal and Neonatal Program Effort Index (MNPI) on the maternal mortality ratio (MMR). The MNPI is an index consisting of 81 different maternal and neonatal health services that have been evaluated by reproductive health experts around the world. The SMM uses the current scores for an individual country to represent the current situation of the delivery of these health services in a country.
    English
    SafeMoME.pdf

  • This four-page brochure introduces the use of the Spectrum Suite of Models to transform data into policy dialogue by projecting the need for family planning/reproductive health, maternal health, and HIV/AIDS services and the consequences of not addressing needs in these areas. It presents examples of successful Spectrum training in institutional settings in three countries and shows how using the Spectrum models can lead to policy change.
    English
    spectrumbulletin.pdf

  • The HIV and AIDS epidemic is a health and development crisis throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa, including Zimbabwe. Analysis of the most recent sources of information indicated that 24.6 percent of the entire adult population ages 15-49 is currently infected, making Zimbabwe one of the most seriously affected countries in the entire world. This document was prepared under the sponsorship of the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare and National AIDS Council. It is intended to provide information about the HIV and AIDS epidemic in Zimbabwe as one way to contribute to improved multi-sectoral planning and policy dialogue.
    English
    ZIM_AIM.pdf

  • UNAIDS, USAID, and the POLICY Project developed the AIDS Program Effort Index (API) to measure program effort in the response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The index is designed to provide a current profile of national effort and a measure of change over time. The API was applied to 40 countries in 2000; a revised index was applied in 54 countries in early 2003. The results show that program effort is relatively high in the areas of political support, policies, and planning with average scores above 70 percent of the maximum effort. Prevention programs and the legal and regulatory environment are the next most highly rated components with scores between 60 and 70 percent. The human rights component received the lowest score. Respondents reported that legal structures are in place to protect human rights but that resources and enforcement efforts are lacking. Resource availability and mitigation effort also received low scores. By region, Eastern and Southern Africa has the highest overall scores. West and Central Africa and Asia also scored relatively high, with Latin America and the Caribbean and Eastern Europe somewhat lower. The average score for all countries increased slightly from 56 percent in 2000 to 59 percent in 2003. The largest increases were for political support, resources, and care and treatment. The API survey shows clearly that all countries have some organized effort to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Most countries have good policies and organizational structures in place. The weakest areas are in the implementation of the policies and plans. Countries with the strongest effort, such as Brazil, Senegal, Thailand, and Uganda, all have strong political commitment and a national consensus that lead to significant effort to implement comprehensive programs.
    English
    API2003.pdf

  • Prior to 2002, two rounds of the PES had been fielded in Jamaica, the first in 1999 and the second in 2000. These rounds were conducted by the POLICY Project on behalf of USAID/Kingston (McClure et al., 2000; Strachan et al., 2001). Those rounds of the PES included four components of reproductive health, namely family planning, safe pregnancy, STDs/AIDS, and adolescents. This 2002 round of the PES, conducted jointly by Youth.now and the POLICY Project, focuses exclusively on adolescents. Called the Expanded ARH PES, the 2002 round included the same questions regarding adolescent reproductive health (ARH) that were used in 2000 and 1999 (hereafter referred to as the “original” ARH PES) and also included a number of additional questions to more accurately reflect the policy environment for ARH in Jamaica in 2002, given policy and program activities undertaken over the past few years (hereafter referred to as the “expanded” ARH PES). The 2002 Expanded ARH PES included the seven components of political support, policy formulation, organizational structure, legal and regulatory, program resources, program components, and evaluation and research. To measure change in the policy environment, respondents were asked to rate each item twice—once to reflect the current status in 2002, as well as once to indicate the status one year earlier in 2001.
    English
    JAM_PES2003.pdf

  • The Policy Environment Score (PES) has been designed to measure the overall status of the policy environment in a particular country, evaluating changes in the policy environment over time, and identifying those areas most in need of improvement with particular focus on access to high quality reproductive health services including family planning, adolescent reproductive health and HIV/AIDS, safe motherhood and post-abortion care. The PES is designed to provide a quick assessment of the policy environment at low cost. It necessarily contains a number of items that depend on the judgment of experts. It is not designed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the policy environment, but to be part of a system for measuring the impact of policy activities. The policy environment score was first undertaken in Nigeria in 2000 by the POLICY Project. Though the report was not officially published the results were used to inform the review of the National Population Policy. This 2002 assessment of the policy environment in Nigeria in the year 2002 is being carried out by the Department of Community Development and Population Activities with the technical assistance of the POLICY Project, Nigeria. The knowledge gained will be used in informing future planning for reproductive health activities in the areas of family planning (FP), STI/HIV/AIDS and Adolescent Reproductive Health (ARH). It will also reveal areas of the policy environment that will also need improvement through advocacy and planning.
    English
    NIG_PES2002.pdf

  • This report shares findings from a pilot of the POLICY Project’s Gender Equitable Male Involvement (GEMI) Assessment Tool. In October 2002, the POLICY Project used the GEMI tool to conduct an assessment of the policy environment related to gender-equitable male involvement in Jamaica, with a focus on male youth. Based on interviews with key stakeholders from a cross-section of government, civil society, and youth-serving organizations, the assessment sought to describe the current policy environment related to gender-equitable male involvement, and identify priority areas for developing or strengthening policies to support gender-equitable male involvement, and the related advocacy and policy dialogue, information, and capacity building needed to support this.
    English
    GEMI_Pilot_Jam.pdf

  • Several countries bordering Viet Nam have experienced rapid increases in HIV infection rates in the last few years. During the 1990s, the HIV/AIDS epidemic also expanded quickly in Viet Nam. As of April 2003, Viet Nam had recorded 64,801 people infected with HIV, although estimates put the figure more realistically between 150,000 to 200,000. Major factors contributing the epidemic include a thriving commercial sex industry in which condom use is not the norm and sex workers are targeted with punitive actions rather than monitored for health problems; frequent population migration; injecting drug use; substantial sexual links between drug users and other communities; limited public discussion of HIV/AIDS; and pervasive stigma. The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Viet Nam is still in the “concentrated epidemic” stage. The disease has spread rapidly in specific subpopulations, particularly among injecting drug users (IDUs), sex workers, and males who have sex with males (MSM); however, it is not yet well established in the general population. However, the current status of the epidemic does not mean that it is compartmentalized or restricted to these groups. The active networks of risk within and among these subpopulations and the general population will determine the epidemic’s future course.
    English
    VIET_SEI.pdf

  • Synthesis of the Socioeconomic Impact study.
    English
    VIET_SEI_BP.pdf

  • This two-page flyer provides a summary of each model included in the Spectrum Suite of Policy Models. It can be used as an insert with the "Spectrum Training for Policy Success" brochure.
    English
    spectrum_insert.pdf

  • The success of the RHCS work in Madagascar, while noted by the USAID community and its implementing partners, has not been well documented. This assessment provides documentation and a clear description of the country's success in using the SPARHCS process to strengthen RHCS and reposition the FP program. These results can be seen as a success story for RFP and may be used as guidelines for countries currently planning for, or implementing, RHCS and RFP strategies. The RFP initiative is based on the premise that, with increased political commitment for financial and human resources for FP, strengthened participation and coordination among donors and partners, and more effective programming of resources toward technically sound programs, it will be possible to expand access and meet unmet need for family planning. This assessment documents the SPARHCS process, and its results, challenges, and recommendations for raising awareness of the FP program in Madagascar. The sources of information for this paper were the result of in-depth interviews with key stakeholders and a review of documents. The information presented in this paper highlights the success story of family planning and how the SPARHCS process contributed to repositioning family planning in Madagascar, and reports on the major results achieved thus far.
    English
    SPARHCS Madagascar Reposition FP Final report.pdf

  • This flyer describes Policy Builder, a software program that is being developed to help guide companies through this challenge of developing an HIV/AIDS policy for the workplace.
    English
    PolicyBuilder.pdf